The Renouveau era (since 1982)

Since Paul Biya's accession to the presidency in 1982, Cameroon has gone through an attempted coup d'état (1984), the adoption of multiparty politics (1990) and a disputed presidential election (1992), a new Constitution establishing a decentralised unitary state (1996), the settlement of sovereignty over the Bakassi peninsula (2002-2008), the Boko Haram insurgency in the Far North (since 2014) and the Anglophone crisis in the North-West and South-West regions (since 2016). The October 2025 presidential election was again disputed by the opposition.