History

An interactive timeline from precolonial Cameroon to today: seven eras, their events, and the places and people tied to them. On topics that are debated, Camerpedia presents several sourced readings rather than a single version.

Events

Events
DateEventEraSource
Tikar migrations into the GrassfieldsPrecolonial Cameroon
Founding of the Bamum kingdom by Nchare YenPrecolonial Cameroon
Portuguese contact and the naming of the Rio dos CamarõesEarly contact and the Atlantic trade
Decline of the Sao and the rise of the Kotoko kingdomsPrecolonial Cameroon
Formation of the Bamileke chiefdomsPrecolonial Cameroon
Rise of the Duala as a coastal trading powerEarly contact and the Atlantic trade
The Atlantic slave trade and the port of BimbiaEarly contact and the Atlantic trade
Fulani jihad and the founding of the Adamawa emiratePrecolonial Cameroon
Transition to so-called "legitimate" commerceEarly contact and the Atlantic trade
Anti-slave-trade treaties signed by Bell and AkwaEarly contact and the Atlantic trade
Alfred Saker’s Baptist mission and the founding of VictoriaEarly contact and the Atlantic trade
The Germano-Duala protection treaty and the proclamation of KamerunGerman Kamerun
Sultan Njoya and the invention of the Bamum scriptGerman Kamerun
Capital moved to Buea and the colonial plantation economyGerman Kamerun
Railway construction and forced labourGerman Kamerun
The Kamerun campaign of the First World WarGerman Kamerun
Resistance and execution of Rudolf Duala Manga BellGerman Kamerun
The Picot line and the provisional partition of KamerunMandates and trusteeships
The Treaty of Versailles confirms the partition of KamerunMandates and trusteeships
Indirect rule of the British Cameroons from NigeriaMandates and trusteeships
League of Nations mandates over French Cameroun and the British CameroonsMandates and trusteeships
The indigénat and forced labour in French CamerounMandates and trusteeships
Cameroon becomes a UN trust territoryMandates and trusteeships
Creation of the Representative Assembly of Cameroon (ARCAM)Mandates and trusteeships
Founding of the Union des Populations du Cameroun (UPC)Mandates and trusteeships
UPC insurrection and the war in the Bassa and Bamileke regions · ContestedIndependence and reunification
Ahmadou Ahidjo becomes Prime Minister as Cameroon gains internal autonomyIndependence and reunification
Death of Ruben Um Nyobè, secretary-general of the UPCIndependence and reunification
Independence of CameroonIndependence and reunification
1961 plebiscite in the British-administered Cameroons · ContestedIndependence and reunification
Foumban conference and the reunification of CameroonIndependence and reunification
Formation of the single party, the Cameroon National Union (CNU)Independence and reunification
1972 referendum and the creation of the unitary state · ContestedIndependence and reunification
Proclamation of the United Republic of CameroonUnited Republic of Cameroon
1973 legislative elections and the unitary National AssemblyUnited Republic of Cameroon
Creation of the office of Prime Minister and Paul Biya’s appointmentUnited Republic of Cameroon
First general population census of 1976United Republic of Cameroon
Ahmadou Ahidjo’s resignation and Paul Biya’s inaugurationThe Renouveau era (since 1982)
The 6 April 1984 coup attempt · ContestedThe Renouveau era (since 1982)
Established media or researchCameroon Tribune
Launch of the Social Democratic Front in BamendaThe Renouveau era (since 1982)
December 1990 "Liberty Laws" and the legalisation of multiparty politicsThe Renouveau era (since 1982)
1992 disputed presidential election · ContestedThe Renouveau era (since 1982)
1996 Constitution and decentralisationThe Renouveau era (since 1982)
International Court of Justice ruling on BakassiThe Renouveau era (since 1982)
Greentree Agreement on Nigeria’s withdrawal from BakassiThe Renouveau era (since 1982)
Handover of the Bakassi peninsula to CameroonThe Renouveau era (since 1982)
Boko Haram insurgency in the Far NorthThe Renouveau era (since 1982)
Onset of the Anglophone crisis in the North-West and South-West · ContestedThe Renouveau era (since 1982)
Major National Dialogue and the 2019 special statusThe Renouveau era (since 1982)
Report of the joint Franco-Cameroonian historians’ commissionThe Renouveau era (since 1982)
Established media or researchJeune Afrique (Cameroon)
2025 disputed presidential election · ContestedThe Renouveau era (since 1982)
Official sourceConstitutional Council